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.separate-containers .page-header {
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.page-header h1 {
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.separate-containers .site-main{
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.post-image img {
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width: 25%;
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.desktop-share .share-button img{
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
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bottom: 0;
height: 45px;
width: 100%;
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z-index: 1;
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.mobile-share .share-button img{
width: 100%;
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.desktop-hide {
display: none;
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.desktop-display {
display: block!important
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.mobile-hide {
display: none!important
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}
#banner-pop-up{
position: fixed;
width: 100%;
bottom: 50px;
display: none;
text-align: center;
animation-name: slide-up-banner;
animation-duration: 1s;
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#banner-pop-up img{
width: 300px;
height: 225px;
display: block;
margin: auto;
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@keyframes slide-up-banner {
from { bottom: 0px;}
to { bottom: 50px;}
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<a class="screen-reader-text skip-link" href="#content" title="Skip to content">Skip to content</a><nav class="auto-hide-sticky has-branding main-navigation sub-menu-right" id="site-navigation" aria-label="Primary" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement" itemscope><div class="inside-navigation grid-container grid-parent"><div class="navigation-branding"><p class="main-title" itemprop="headline">
<a href="https://www.tutorialsduniya.com/" rel="home">
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<input type="search" class="search-field" value="" name="s" title="Search" /></form><div class="mobile-bar-items">
<span class="search-item">
<a aria-label="Open Search Bar" href="#">
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<img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMDAiIGhlaWdodD0iMzAwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMzAwIDMwMCI+PHJlY3Qgd2lkdGg9IjEwMCUiIGhlaWdodD0iMTAwJSIgc3R5bGU9ImZpbGw6I2NmZDRkYjtmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk6IDAuMTsiLz48L3N2Zz4=" width="300" height="300" decoding="async" data-src="https://www.tutorialsduniya.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/software-engineering-projects-300x300.png" alt="TutorialsDuniya - FREE Study Material for all Students" title="TutorialsDuniya - FREE Study Material for all Students"></div><div class="rank-math-review-data"><p>You will always find the updated list of top and best free software engineering projects with documentation and source code pdf in an easy and quick way. Our Free software engineering projects with source code list has projects for beginners, intermediates as well as experts to learn in 2023.</p><p>
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